* Rosemary can be substituted for any other herb
* Rose can be substituted for any other flower
* Frankincense can be used in place of any gum resin as well as Copal
* Tobacco can be used in place of any poisonous herb
ACACIA- Gum arabic
ACONITE- Tobacco
ARABIC, GUM- Frankincense; gum mastic
ASAFOETIDA- Tobacco; valerian
BALM OF GILEAD- Rose buds; gum mastic
BELLADONNA- Tobacco
BENZOIN- Gum arabic; gum mastic
CAMPHOR OIL- Eucalyptus oil; lavender oil
CARNATION- Rose petals annointed with a few drops of cinnamon oil
CASSIA- Cinnamon
CASTOR BEANS- A few drops of castor oil
CEDAR- Sandalwood
CINQUEFOIL- Clover; trefoil
CITRON- Equal parts of orange peel and lemon peel
CLOVE- Mace; nutmeg
CLOVER- Cinquefoil
COPAL- Frankincense; cedar
COWBANE- Tobacco
CYPRESS- Juniper; pine needles
DEER’S TONGUE- Tonka bean; woodruff; vanilla
DITTANY OF CRETE- Gum mastic
DRAGON’S BLOOD- Equal parts of frankincense and red sandalwood
EUCALYPTUS OIL- Camphor oil, lavender oil
FRANKINCENSE- Copal; pine resin
GALANGAL- Ginger root
HEMLOCK- Tobacco
HEMP- Nutmeg; damiana; star anise; bay
HENBANE- Tobacco
HYSSOP- Lavender
IVY- Cinquefoil
JASMINE- Rose
JUNIPER- Pine
LAVENDER- Rose
LEMON GRASS- Lemon peel
LEMON VERBENA- Lemon grass; lemon peel
MACE- Nutmeg
MANDRAKE- Tobacco
MASTIC GUM- Gum arabic; frankincense
MINT- Sage
MISTLETOE- Mint; sage
MUGWORT- Wormwood
NEROLI OIL- Orange oil
NIGHTSHADE- Tobacco
NUTMEG- Mace; cinnamon
OAKMOSS- Patchouli
ORANGE FLOWERS- Orange peel
PATCHOULI- Oakmoss
PEPPERMINT- Spearmint
PEPPERWORT- Rue; pepper(black)
PINE- Juniper
PINE RESIN- Frankincense; copal
RED SANDALWOOD- Sandalwood mixed with a pinch of dragon’s blood
ROSE- Yarrow
ROSE GERANIUM- Rose
RUE- Rosemary mixed with a pinch of pepper
SAFFRON- Orange peel
SANDALWOOD- Cedar
SASPARILLA- Sassafras
SASSAFRAS-Sasparilla
SPEARMINT- Peppermint
SULFUR- Tobacco; club moss; asafetida
THYME- Rosemary
TOBACCO- Bay
TONKA BEAN- Deer’s tongue; vanilla
TREFOIL- Cinqufoil
VALERIAN- Asafetida
VANILLA- Woodruff, deer’s tongue; tonka bean
WOLFSBANE-Tobacco
WOOD ALOE- Sandalwood sprinkled with ambergris oil
WOODRUFF- Deer’s tongue; vanilla
WORMWOOD- Mugwort
YARROW- Rose
YEW- Tabacco